The panel explores strategies to enhance the resilience of vital water systems against both environmental and technological threats. Moderated by Nicolas Caradot this session addresses key questions around the nature of resilience in contrast to sustainability, the defining traits of resilient systems and various methods for understanding and simulating resilience. Panelists include Prof. Beniamino Russo from UPC (Spain), who will share experience on climate resilience for the water sector; Dr. Rita Ugarelli from SINTEF (Norway), focusing on protecting water networks against cyber and physical threats; Frédéric Guyomard from EDF (France), extending the debate with a focus on cybersecurity in the electricity sector; and Dr. Jeroen Langeveld from TU Delft (The Netherlands), discussing challenges in integrated multi-infrastructure asset management.